The Pierz Journal (Pierz, Morrison County, Minnesota), 1917-09-27

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VOL. NO. 9.
PIERZ, flORRISON COUNTY, MINNESOTA, September 27, 1917.
No. 15
PANAMA ONCE UNDER WATER.
'   Then   Nature  Built  a   Bridge   Between
the Two Americas.
Geologists have long known that
the Atlantic and Pacific oceans
were once directly connected by water that extended across the present
site of Panama and adjacent areas
in Central America. The eonti-
• nents were thus separated during
the eocene and oligocene epochs—
not so very long ago, as geologists
reckon tiny.. At the end of oligo-
(^ne time, however, the surface of
the earth in the region about the
site of Panama was raised by earth
^l^tnovements, which closed the mid-
American passage and established
► continuous land connection between
North and South America—connection which until recently was believed to have remained unbroken
until the skill and indomitable per-
. *■ 'tinacity of United States army engineers cut the be-nd at Panama.
The separation of the oceans caused profound .changes in their inhabitants, who had been able to
wander unimpeded from ocean to
ocean, but now found themselves
restricted in their range. Many species, marooned in unfavorable environment, soon succumbed in the
struggle for existence. Thus in
miocene-time (the next epoch) the
inhabitants of the Atlantic and Pacific oceans gradually became different, and they have now become so
distinct that scarecly a single species is common to the seas on the
two sides of the isthmus.
The mid-American land Darner is
generally thought to have remained
intact from miocene time down to
the present day, but this belief is
erroneous. T. Wayland Vaughan, a
geologist of the United States geo-
lical survey, department of the interior, on critically studying the fossil corals collected on Carrizo creek,
in Imperial county, Cal., discovered
that these corals resemble those of
the Atlantic ocean—that they are
closely related to pliocene and post-
pliocene forms that inhabited tlie
waters about Florida and the West
Indies.
""This fact seems to mean that after the Atlantic had been separated
from fhe Pacific in miocene time
the two oceans were again united in
the late miocene or pliocene time,
the interoceanic connection permitting the Atlantic forms fer Teach
points at the head of the gulf of
California, while conditions not yet
understood excluded the Pacific fauna from that area. The place at
which the oceans were connected is
not known, but it is supposed to
have been somewhere near the
isthmus of Tehuantepec.—United
States Geological Survey.
Roman Senate.
The Roman senate was a judicial
and legislative body and for several
centuries numbered 300 men, carefully selected from the patricians.
The majority of votes decided a
question, and the order in which the
senators spoke and voted was determined by their rank. Their decisions, called senatus consulta,
were the supremejlaw of the republic, from whi-h, of course, there
was no appeal. After the establishment of the empire the character of
the senate was greatly lowered, and
at last it became simply the tool of
the emperor, to do his bidding regardless of the consequences.
Corpse Rings.
The sailor of the old fashioned,
shellback class always wears a
eorpse ring. This is a plain band
of silver or gold, inscribed within
with the sailor's name and port.
Corpse rings are worn for the purpose of identification in case of
death by drowning through shipwreck, etc. The shellback sailor can
never swim, and he looks forward
calmly to dying suddenly beneath
the sea. Indeed, he usually prefers
such a death to a lingering one in
hospital.
Ancient Mussels,
There are. gigantic mussels whose
age is assumed, to be comparable
i^ily with that of the Cape Verde
*naobab tree and the big trees of
CalifornSy, which   live   for   5,000
^ear_. In {feed, there appears no par-
[llar reason why mussels should
though it is also true that, con-
lii.g the sort of life a mussel
_ 1J$ there   seems   no   particular
reason   why  it   should   ever  have
lived.—London Express.
Such a Change.
Old Neighbor — Going to New
Zealand with your husband, are you,
my dear? That's one of those countries where they have day when we
have night and night when we have
day.
Mrs. Youngbride—Yes, I suppose
I shall find it awfully strange at
first.—Boston Transcript.
A Matter of Sizes.
"I wish a ton of coal, please."
"Yes, madam.   What size?"
"Dear    le,  I  didn't  know  coal
came in sizes.   1 wear a No. 3 shoe
and a No. 6 glove."—Kansas City
Journal.
i
A Letter From
Camp Dodge
Sept.  24,  1917.
Dear father and mother,    sister   and
brother: I will at once drop yoq a
■few lines and let you know that we
arrived safely. We got down to
Camp Dodge this morning at G a. m.
I wish to say that you people at home
need not worry for we are so far
treated fine. But of owurse the way
was dreary, 'tout the others were yelling and hollering and that cheered
us up a little bit. But I did not get
to 'see Rose for the train did not pull
into St. 'Paul. It pulled into Minneapolis and stopped there about a
half hour and then hit for Camp
Dodge. I felt sorry that I could not
say goodbye to Kosie and Dan.
This is a dusty country. A little
breeze will make more dust fly than
a big storm down home in Pierz.
I couldn't sleep a wink last night
on account of the noise they made,
but I think I will sleep all right tonight. We didn't do very much this
forenoon but set up our beds and fill
our mattresses. If anyone should ask
whether I have written home yet, say
yes. There are about 200 men in every camp.
I didn't find time to finish. We
have to 'he on duty this afternoon. I
was writing on this letter during noon
hour and I couldn't finish.
They are feeding us all right 'hut a
person has to swallow quick. If he
hasn't enough with a plate full he is
liable to be too late.
John Nimch, Mat Beimert and my-'
.elf are together in a bunch. We get
up at 6:25 in the morning and can~go
to bed at 10 o'clock. We have had
supper at 5:25 this  evening.
I will have to close until   I   have
heard from you. I am feeling fine and
hope you are the same.   You will not j
have  to worry for I will drop    dear
sister Katie and Philip-a few lines.   I
will try to  get permission to    come
home after''I have stayed    a    while.'
There are about 2,000 men at Camp
Dodge.   This place looks like a   village.   I will write to Rose   tomorrow.
Your loving son,
Raymond Harris,
Co. E, 352nd Infantry,
Camp Dodge, Iowa.
A Letter From       A Swanville Girl
F. W. Marshik    Kicked by a Horse
Citation  for Hearing on Petition
For Administration.
Estate ot Albert w. Kelsey
STATE OF MINNESOTA, )
i Ss.
County of Morrison,      )
In Probate Court. •
In the matter of the estate of Albert
W. Kelsey, decedent.
The State of Minnesota to all persons interested in the granting of administration of the estate of i-kid decedent.
The petition of Edwin Kelsey having
been filed in this court, representing that Albert W. Kelsey, then a
resident of the County of Morrison,
State of Minnesota, died intestateon the
16, day of September 1217, and praying
that letters of administration of his estate be granted to Henry Spindler
and the cpurt, having fixed the time
and place for hearing said petition:
Now Therefore, you and each of you,
are -hereby cited and required to show
cause, if any you have, before this
court, at the Probate Court rooms in
the court house, in the City of Little
Kalis, County of Morrison, State of
Minnesota, on the 20th day of October
1917, at one o'clock p. m., why said
petition'should not be granted.
Witness the Judge of said Court, and
tlie seal of said Court, this 22th day of
September 1917.
E. F. SHAW,
[Court Seal.] Probate Judge.
Henry Spindler,
IS Attorney for Petitioners.
Okeene, Oklahoma,
Sept. 22, 1917.
Brother Kerkhoff:
I You have asked me in your letter
to write an article about the county
we live in, crons, our sentiment of the
war and so on.
This section of Oklahoma we live
in is called .the' west-central section
of Oklahoma. We are located three
.tnd one-half miles from the town of
Okeene,    Okla.,    located    in    Blaine
ounty. Our county seat, is Watonga.
The location of the town we trade-
..villi is by far ..better than the old/
town of Pierz, Minn. Our closeat
large town is .from 15 to 25 milfes
away. We have two railroads, namely, the Frisco and the Rock Islahd,
giving us good train facilities coming
and going. Here is one thing that
we sure are blessed with and that is
that we have eight elevators and two
.lour mills. This is a Wheat country
and wheat is the stable product. Last
year was my first year here, and one
particular thing appealed to me and
that was that the tamers raised
wheat on 12 inches of rainfall. All
the rain that fell from the 1st of January until harvest time, June 1'5, wa_
only 12 inches. Can you beat it?
Furthermore .the wheat ^..averages
_rom 10 to 20 'bushels per acre which
is considered a poor yield. This year
the wheat ran from 15 to 35 bushels
per acre. Something must he said
a.bout the raising of the wheat down
nere. We plow the land in the mouths
of July and August and get it ready
_or sowing. Then seeding time starts
a'bout the 20th of September and one
-an sow until the latter part of October. The wheat which Is sowed in
Jie month of September ; will soon
jome up and when it is tall enough
We let the cattle on H arid-pasture it
until the month of April. This gives
us our winter pasture from the month
of October until the coming April,
jjy that time our pasture is green and
vve take the stock off the field and put
ihem in the pasture, Another advan
wge we have.over the method useu
around Pierz is thafwhen our wheai
is harvested we can plant the same
land into Kafir corn and then plain
the field into wheat, raising two
crops.
Well this will he sufficient for this
time and wishing all of my   friends
the best of luck, I beg to remain, -
Yaurs sincerely,
F. W. Marshik.
You have asked me about the draft
etc. Well I haven't the time this
time to write you about it but will
next time.
•Swanville, Sept. 22: Elsie, the 7-
year-old daughter of "Mr. and Mrs. E.
A. Dwelle, living three miles west of
town, was kicked by a horse Thursday evening, fracturing the skull.
'She was taken to the hospital at
Long Prairie where several pieces of
the skull were removed. She is in a
very critical condition; The little
girl was driving a colt out pf the
yard and hit it with her hand when it
kicked her.
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HoliBiS8l-i.lfriel.ter.
Prank Hoheisel ind Anna Altrichter were, married in St. Joseph's church last Tuesday
morning. Barbara -Altrichter
and Anastasia Hoheisel served
as. bridesmaid's, arid Herman
Hoheisel and Prank Altrichter'
were best men. l^lie wedding
was celebrated at the Altrichter
farm. The young. Couple will
nake their home on tlie old
Sackmeister place in southeast
Pierz.
FAUST'S
Opera House
Sunday, September 30th,
a 5 reel Mutual
and a
1 reel Comedy
Admission 10c and 15c
Royalton Neighbors   ate
coming to Pierz.
A  Statesman's  Queer  Ambition.
The great Lord (Jrcy iiad an ambition far above politics. He had
passed the reform bill, but that did
not satisfy his soul. There was
talk of Taglioni, and Grey said
quite earnestly, "What would I give
to dance as well as she 1"
The statesman who had been
prime minister and had left an indelible mark on the history of his
country was actually envious of an
opera dancer!—London Globe.
When Tennypon Sat Up Nights.
We have had Alfred Tennyson
here; very droll and very wayward,
and much sitting up of nights till 2
or 3 in the morning with pipes in
our mouths, at which good hour we
would get Alfred to give us some
of his magic music, which he dqes
between growling and smoking, and
bo to bed.—Fitzgerald's 'Hietters"
(1838).
Opening a New Book.
To open a new book without
breaking the back place it on a table and, holding all of the leaves in
one hand, open a few pages, first
from the front, then from the back,
pressing them down gently until
you reach the center of the book.
Do this two or three times. Such
care of a new book will double its
life. _•	
A Steady Watch.
"Henry,"  said  Mrs.   Gloonip at
dinner, looking down at her watch,
but speaking to Mr. Gloonip on the !
other side of the table, "my watch
hasn't varied a second in a week."
'.Remarkable!" said Mr. Gloonip.
"How did you get it to vary so little?"
"I broke the mainspring."
Royalton neighbors comi g
t > V erz Wednesday, Octo >er
'>rd. Word has been received
that the Royalton dramatic
01 ub are to present the storing draii a "Her Friend the
iihiimy" at Faust's hall, on
\Vi-dn-schiy evening, October
3rd. Tlie play itself is a
miner. It was presented at
ft>yaIton to a packed house,
md the overflow it is report-
i I will follow the play heie.
The newspaper comments
iiavrt been many and very en-
c waging, both Little Falls
and Royalton pronouncing
it a hit.
Tlie play will be followed
by a dance given by the Royalton 5 piece orchestra. It
promises to be a full evening.    One you cannot miss.
Small Charge.
A anil' sergeant Was instilling
mto a squad of recruits that which
narks the advent of their military
•areer—namely, Bquad drill by numbers. One man was exceedingly
'>ackward and exhausted .the patience of the instructor, who at last
'xclaimcd in tones of deep disgust,
''Heavens! man, if your brains were
nade of dynamite the charge
•voul'dn't be sufficient to blow your
'iat off!"—London Globe.
Trying to 8mooth It-Over.
Judge;—You are ac.used of assaulting your husband.
Defendant—I admit hitting him,
•,-our honor, but the weapon I used
proves that I did it more in sorrow
Mian in anger.
Judge—What did you hit him
with?
Defendant—A sad iron, your honor.—New York.Globe.
Locust and Fly.
Locusts in Algeria have a dangerous enemy in a fly which follows
them and lays its eggs where they
lay theirs. A larva issues from tho
egg of the fly and devours the locust eggs. When it has become a
perfect insect it follows the flight
of the locusts, repeating the same
performance.
A Very Polite Letter.
The politest intimation ever addressed was probably that of the
governor of the Bombay prison to
the can about to be hanged. The
execution was fixed for 1 o'clock,
and the governor was to sail for
England on leave two hours later.
But the time for the boat's sailing
was changed from 3 o'clock to midday. The governor was equal to the
occasion. He addressed an official
communication to the convict as follows: "The governor presents his
compliments to Mr. X. and desires
to know whether it would suit his
convenience equally well tc- be hanged at 10 a. m. instead of 1 p. ra. ?"
—London Chronicle.
I       PROTECT YOUR EYES.
, Gat the  Proper  Focus   For the   Light
I With Which You Read.
' Nowadays many people, when
reading books or newspapers, hold
them nearer to the eye than uspd
to be customary. By most people
-his is regarded as evidence of
shortsightedness and is advanced
as an illustration of the constantly
declining physical standard.' As-a
' matter of fact, the reason is entire-
j ly different.      ,
Most reading in done under elec-
j trie light, and electric, while bright-
j er than gas light or lamp light, is
' blue and contains a different proportion of light rays.   The variance
between the yellow light of lamp
light and the blue white light of a
modern  tungsten  vacuum  electric
light requires a difference in focus
of almost two inches.   A book or a
newspaper, to be read with equal
,3ase,   then,  .should   be   held   two
inches nearer to the eye under electric' light than under lamp light.
The reason for this can be made
quit, clear. The eye is a single
lens, and, as a photographer would
Bay,, it is not corrected for chromatic aberration, or, mother words,
it has to correct itself for various
colors. Now, tho eye naturally ad-
rusts itself for yellow and green,
/ft is therefore out of focus for red
''and out of focus for blue. Color
is merely the number of lighi
waves, the red waves are slower
and blue waves faster than.yellow
ones.
A newspaper printed on a pink
paper,  therefore,  for  the  average
eye should be read at a distance of
sixteen  inches; a newspaper on   .
cream   colored   paper   at   fourteen
inches and .mc on u blue white pa
per at twelve itiches.    Or, to pu.
the mutter in another way, rcadin;
a newspaper or book on white pap.
under a pink, a yellow or u  bhi'i
white light requires just tho sanii
adjustment of distance.—Washing
ton Post.
A Coral Pipe.
While a United States" warshij
wns off Barbados some years ago _
sailor fishing for sharks brought U]
from the depths a long "church
warden" pipe that evidently had
been lying at the bottom of the sea
for a. hundred years or more, ll
was unbroken and had evident]}
been .accidentally dropped overboard. The coral insects had seized
upon it and covered the long stem
will) delicate, hicelike branches and
the bowl with fine "vermicelli"
work. So completely was it concealed with tlie coral coating that it
was impossible to detirmine the
original material of the pipe. Oddly enough, the inside of the bowl
had been left untouched and still
showed the stains of fire and nicotine.	
He Liked the Lie.
William —:— was said to be the
ugliest though the most lovable man
in Louisiana. On returning to the
plantation after a short absence his
brother said:
"Willie, I met in New Orleans a
Mrs. Forrester, who is a great admirer of vours. She said, though,
that it wasn't sd much tho brilliancy
of your mental attainments as your
marvelous physical and facial beauty which charmed and delighted
her.".
"Edmund," cried William earnestly, "that is a wicked lie, but tell it
to me again!"—Everybody's.
Streets of Christiania.
One of tho most striking features
of the streets of Christiania, Norway's capital, is the preponderance
of young people. This has always
been the case since the time when
Christiania was still a small town,'
and the students at the university
were drawn from all parts of the
country. The number of university
students has increased with the
growth of the capital and of the
county, and in Addition to the university a number of high, schools
have been established, including
technical and commercial colleges
and other special schools.
Use the Kropper.
In the Woman's Home Companion a writer says:
"In pouring peroxide from the
bottle on a small cut or scratch I
noticed that a great deal of it was
usually spilled—not always on tire
injured member. Since .using a
medicine dropper I have had no
trouble in applying it in the right
place, e.ven with the left hand. This
is a very new 'find' of mine, so it
hasn't"done it yet, but is going to
save me half a bottle of peroxide."
Would Have Use For Them.
"Want to gei off again; do you?"
roared the boss. "This will be the
third time you've been off this week.
What's the trouble now?"
"I want to get my eyes examined," sullenly replied the clerk.
"Well, get 'em carefully examined while you're about it. You'll be
looking for work after Saturday
night."—Boston Transcript.
Local Happenings
Of the Week
Andy Fenn was a caller
here Friday.
It is reported that the frost
last night froze ice on the
river.
Born—To Mr. and Mrs. Valentine Meyer last Thursday,
a son.
Marriage license has been
issued to Jos. Urai and Christine Jamma.
Marriage license was taken
out last week by Mrs. Adrian
G-rell and Andy Duschuer.
Mrs. Roy and children of
Wisconsin is here visiting
hel' parents, Mr. and Mrs.
Liestberger.
Mrs. Beach of St. Paul is
here visiting her daughters,
Mrs, F. X. Virnig and Mrs.
A. P. Stoll.
Gene Gendreau and family
of Little Falls town, visited
with* Mrs. M. Angermeyer
-Sunday afternoon.
Mrs. Fd. Leese ana children of Minneapolis attteuded
tlie Altrichter-Holieisel wedding last Tuesday.
Royalton wants tobe neighborly; come and meet tbem
at "The Friend the Evening"
in Faust's hall Wednesday
night.
.Nearly everybody in Pierz
and country turned out to
seethe soldier boys depart
at Little Falls, Sunday afternoon.
Ernest Schauble  took the
train to N. Dak. last   Saturday to visit   his ''father  and
to look after the  interests of
lis farm there.
William Leidenfrost. sold
Mis farm in Platte to George
Hoffman. "William bought
Hoffman's house in upper
town and will probably soon
be a resident of the village.
The Royalton 5 piece orchestra are fast making a
name ft>r themselves. They
play for tlie dance at Faust's
hall, Wednesday night.
Prepare for a good position
by enrolling at the St. Cloud
Business College; new term
Gctober the 1st. Learn bookkeeping, shorthand and banking. We save you money on
board, tuition and books.
Grain And Produce
Market Report
"'heat, No. J $2.00
Wheat, No. 2...-1     1.97
Wheat, No. 3—1.      1.94
Wileat;, No. 4     1.90
Flax,       3.25
Barley      1.10
Kye , .    1.76
Oats        55
!_.i|- Corn  1.25
Hay       7.00
Mutter, Creamery ..       40
"        Dairy _       27
Bfcp.  •       30
Flour,Royal .    ' 6.00
■ s'    WbiteKose      5.90
] iOw jrrade flour . :___-4.00
firan 1.85
Cr.-icked Oorn 80poands___-2.75
Shorts.__ 2.00
Oround Feed     2.40
Ijeans !       5.^0
Onions.     2.50
Potatoes...        80
WORDS WE KNOW.
Well Rea^d Persons of Fair Education
Should Command 50,000.
. The Chautauqua Magazine said a
few years ago:'"It is estimated that
an English farm hand has a vocabulary limited to 300 words. An
American workman who reads the
newspapers may command from 700
to 1,000 words. Five thousand is a
large number, even for an educated
reader or speaker.-"
This differs considerably from the
statement published in a recently compiled English encyclopedia,
which states that "it Has been reckoned that .the agricultural laborer
uses about 1,500 words, but this is
probably an overestimate. Intelligent artisans have a vocabulary of
4,000 words, while educated persons
are familiar with, if they do not use,
8,000 to 10,000 words'."
This tea step forward all along
the. line, but it is a long distance
from Dr. Joseph Jacobs' discoveries.
In a recent review Dr. Jacobs said
that the average well educated
American or Englishman can control- from 30,000 to 35,000 words.
But given an individual with a vocabulary of 10,000 primitive words,
it is a simple matter for him to
increase his stock of words by the
use of prefixes and suffixes. From
four to six derivatives may be formed by the use of these from nearly
every primitive word. If proper
names be added to either of these
totals (40,000 to 60,000), they
might yield a total of 50,000 to 70,-
000 terms.
The foregoing facts seem to warrant these general conclusions: Every well read person of fair ability
and education will he able to define
or to understand as Used nearly of
quite, perhaps, more than 50,000
words. And the same person in
conversation and writing will command not fewer than 15,000 to 20,-
000 and can add 5,000 to 10,000 to
these numbers if he be literarily inclined. The plain people, as Lincoln liked to call them, used to read
understanding^ from 8,000 to 10,-
000 words, according to their general intelligence and conversational
power, while a person who cannot
read, but who has a good degree of
native mental ability, will command about 5,000.
Juvenile "Logic.
, Ut tie Mabel's mother was expecting Mabel's a>untie on a visit. ' Just
as she was almost due to arrive a
telegram came, which read: "Missed
train. Will start at same time tomorrow."
Mabel hurried home from school,
expecting to greet her auntie, instead of which she was shown the
telegram. She read it through carefully and laboriously, and then she
remarked:
"How silly of auntie, mamma!"
"Why, my dear?" inquired her
mother.
"Well, don't you see that if she
starts at the same time tomorrow
she will miss the train again."—Illustrated Bits. »
A Downstairs Visitor.
Mrs. Wilson wanted to get Mrs. ■
Johnson's cook nv.ay from her so
badly that she actually went to Mrs.
Johnson's house when she was away
and offered the cook more money.
The next time they met at a big
dinner Mrs. Johnson did not. notice
her.
"Mrs. Johnson, you know Mrs.
Wilson, do you not?" said the lady
who sat between them.
"No, I believe not," said Mrs.
Johnson, "but I understand that
she calls on my cook."—New York
Times.     	
Musical Criticism,
A woman who thought sho was a
singer was walking through a building where some workmen had left
some pitch in such a position that
she swept her dress against it and
of course soiled the dress.
"Oh, what shall I do to get it
off ?" she said to her woman friend.
"Why don't you sing to it?" said
her friend.
"Why, what good would that
do ?" said the singer.
"You always get off the pitch
when you sing."
The Greatest Jumpers.
The creatures that can leap the
greatest distance in proportion to
their sizes are insects—the flea and
the grasshopper. The former can
hop over an obstacle 500 times its
height, which is the same as if a
man could hop over a mountain
3,000 feet high. A grasshopper can
jump 200 times its length. How
tall are you? Four feet? Well, if
you were a grasshopper you could
leap 800 feet.
Postponed  Duties.
When the seven days of the week
have been named "Presently," "By
and By," "Pretty Soon," "After
Awhile," "Tomorrow," "In a Minute" and "Right Away," how busy
we shall all be with postponed duties if we are at all mindful of past
promises!