A group of refugees resting in a field. Led by Stephen R. Riggs, the group fled Dakota territory during the Dakota War of 1862. The photograph was taken by Adrian J. Ebell, a member of the party. This image is by Arthur Adams, Minneapolis high school teacher, local historian, and photographer. Adams traveled throughout Minnesota, taking photographs to augment his lectures. His studio was located at 3648 Lyndale Avenue South in Minneapolis.
An unidentified native family outside of a wigwam with a baby in a pappoose. Located near Onamia, Minnesota. This image is by Arthur Adams, Minneapolis high school teacher, local historian, and photographer. Adams traveled throughout Minnesota, taking photographs to augment his lectures. His studio was located at 3648 Lyndale Avenue South in Minneapolis.
Three unidentified children standing in front of three wigwams. Located near Onamia, Minnesota. This image is by Arthur Adams, Minneapolis high school teacher, local historian, and photographer. Adams traveled throughout Minnesota, taking photographs to augment his lectures. His studio was located at 3648 Lyndale Avenue South in Minneapolis.
Two wigwams near Onamia, Minnesota. This image is by Arthur Adams, Minneapolis high school teacher, local historian, and photographer. Adams traveled throughout Minnesota, taking photographs to augment his lectures. His studio was located at 3648 Lyndale Avenue South in Minneapolis.
Four unidentified men construct a wigwam near Onamia, Minnesota. This image is by Arthur Adams, Minneapolis high school teacher, local historian, and photographer. Adams traveled throughout Minnesota, taking photographs to augment his lectures. His studio was located at 3648 Lyndale Avenue South in Minneapolis.
Unidentified women place coverings on a wigwam frame as a group of people watch. Located near Onamia, Minnesota. This image is by Arthur Adams, Minneapolis high school teacher, local historian, and photographer. Adams traveled throughout Minnesota, taking photographs to augment his lectures. His studio was located at 3648 Lyndale Avenue South in Minneapolis.
Two wigwams under construction near Onamia, Minnesota. This image is by Arthur Adams, Minneapolis high school teacher, local historian, and photographer. Adams traveled throughout Minnesota, taking photographs to augment his lectures. His studio was located at 3648 Lyndale Avenue South in Minneapolis.
An unidentified man stands inside the wooden frame of a wigwam near Onamia, Minnesota. This image is by Arthur Adams, Minneapolis high school teacher, local historian, and photographer. Adams traveled throughout Minnesota, taking photographs to augment his lectures. His studio was located at 3648 Lyndale Avenue South in Minneapolis.
Three unidentified Sioux are seated on the ground in front of a row of teepees. This image is by Arthur Adams, Minneapolis high school teacher, local historian, and photographer. Adams traveled throughout Minnesota, taking photographs to augment his lectures. His studio was located at 3648 Lyndale Avenue South in Minneapolis.
A trail in a grassy field that leads to the site of the Leech Lake Trading Post. This image is by Arthur Adams, Minneapolis high school teacher, local historian, and photographer. Adams traveled throughout Minnesota, taking photographs to augment his lectures. His studio was located at 3648 Lyndale Avenue South in Minneapolis.
This image is by Arthur Adams, Minneapolis high school teacher, local historian, and photographer. Adams traveled throughout Minnesota, taking photographs to augment his lectures. His studio was located at 3648 Lyndale Avenue South in Minneapolis.Site of the warehouse robbed by Dakota at Yellow Medicine Agency during the Dakota Conflict of 1862.
A small building and a stone placard marking the site of the Traverse des Sioux treaty. The treaty occurred on July 23, 1851, in Nicollet County, Minnesota, on the Minnesota River, just north of St. Peter. The site was once a state park and is now a State Historic Site. This image is by Arthur Adams, Minneapolis high school teacher, local historian, and photographer. Adams traveled throughout Minnesota, taking photographs to augment his lectures. His studio was located at 3648 Lyndale Avenue South in Minneapolis.
Two monuments commemorating the Redwood Agency Massacre of August 18, 1962, located near the site of the Redwood Ferry on the Minnesota River. This image is by Arthur Adams, Minneapolis high school teacher, local historian, and photographer. Adams traveled throughout Minnesota, taking photographs to augment his lectures. His studio was located at 3648 Lyndale Avenue South in Minneapolis.
Site of the murder of Little Crow, located 8 miles north of Hutchinson, Minnesota. Little Crow was chief of the Mdewakanton Dakota and led the conflict against white settlers during the U.S.-Dakota War of 1862. This image is by Arthur Adams, Minneapolis high school teacher, local historian, and photographer. Adams traveled throughout Minnesota, taking photographs to augment his lectures. His studio was located at 3648 Lyndale Avenue South in Minneapolis.
Site of the Redwood Ferry as seen from Franklin Road on the Redwood Agency. This image is by Arthur Adams, Minneapolis high school teacher, local historian, and photographer. Adams traveled throughout Minnesota, taking photographs to augment his lectures. His studio was located at 3648 Lyndale Avenue South in Minneapolis.
A group of people at the site of the Dustin Massacre, where four members of the Dustin family were murdered by a party of Dakota during the U.S.-Dakota War of 1862. It is believed, though never proved, that the attack party was led by members of Little Crow's party. This image is by Arthur Adams, Minneapolis high school teacher, local historian, and photographer. Adams traveled throughout Minnesota, taking photographs to augment his lectures. His studio was located at 3648 Lyndale Avenue South in Minneapolis.
Two monuments commemorating the Redwood Agency Massacre of August 18, 1962, located near the site of the Redwood Ferry on the Minnesota River. This image is by Arthur Adams, Minneapolis high school teacher, local historian, and photographer. Adams traveled throughout Minnesota, taking photographs to augment his lectures. His studio was located at 3648 Lyndale Avenue South in Minneapolis.
Site of Myrick's Trading Post in the Redwood, or Lower Sioux, Agency. Andrew Myrick, post operator, refused to give the Dakota help they requested, stating "Let them eat grass." After an attack nearby the trading post, Myrick was found dead. This image is by Arthur Adams, Minneapolis high school teacher, local historian, and photographer. Adams traveled throughout Minnesota, taking photographs to augment his lectures. His studio was located at 3648 Lyndale Avenue South in Minneapolis.
Site of Indian burial mounds in Saint Paul, Minnesota. This image is by Arthur Adams, Minneapolis high school teacher, local historian, and photographer. Adams traveled throughout Minnesota, taking photographs to augment his lectures. His studio was located at 3648 Lyndale Avenue South in Minneapolis.
Stone warehouse on the Redwood Agency (Lower Sioux Agency). This image is by Arthur Adams, Minneapolis high school teacher, local historian, and photographer. Adams traveled throughout Minnesota, taking photographs to augment his lectures. His studio was located at 3648 Lyndale Avenue South in Minneapolis.
Taopi, a member of the Little Crow Band of Mdewakanton Dakota who we friendly towards white Americans during the U.S.- Dakota War of 1862. This image is by Arthur Adams, Minneapolis high school teacher, local historian, and photographer. Adams traveled throughout Minnesota, taking photographs to augment his lectures. His studio was located at 3648 Lyndale Avenue South in Minneapolis.
Kahbe nagwi wens or John Smith (also known as "Wrinkle Meat") a Chippewa who lived in the area of Cass Lake, Minnesota, who is said to have died at the age of 137. This image is by Arthur Adams, Minneapolis high school teacher, local historian, and photographer. Adams traveled throughout Minnesota, taking photographs to augment his lectures. His studio was located at 3648 Lyndale Avenue South in Minneapolis.
Joseph Renville, an interpreter, translator, and mediator between white settlers and Dakota in Minnesota. This image is by Arthur Adams, Minneapolis high school teacher, local historian, and photographer. Adams traveled throughout Minnesota, taking photographs to augment his lectures. His studio was located at 3648 Lyndale Avenue South in Minneapolis.
Hole-in-the-Day, chief of the upper Mississippi band of Ojibwe. This image is by Arthur Adams, Minneapolis high school teacher, local historian, and photographer. Adams traveled throughout Minnesota, taking photographs to augment his lectures. His studio was located at 3648 Lyndale Avenue South in Minneapolis.
George Bonga, a fur-trader of African-American and Ojibwe descent. He was one of the first African-Americans born in Minnesota. This image is by Arthur Adams, Minneapolis high school teacher, local historian, and photographer. Adams traveled throughout Minnesota, taking photographs to augment his lectures. His studio was located at 3648 Lyndale Avenue South in Minneapolis.
Enmegabowh, the first Native American to be ordained as a priest in the Episcopalian church. This image is by Arthur Adams, Minneapolis high school teacher, local historian, and photographer. Adams traveled throughout Minnesota, taking photographs to augment his lectures. His studio was located at 3648 Lyndale Avenue South in Minneapolis.
Dr. Charles Eastman, an eminent Sioux physician, historian, and lecturer. He was active in politics and American Indian rights, and he founded 32 American Indian chapters of the YMCA and helped found the Boy Scouts of America. This image is by Arthur Adams, Minneapolis high school teacher, local historian, and photographer. Adams traveled throughout Minnesota, taking photographs to augment his lectures. His studio was located at 3648 Lyndale Avenue South in Minneapolis.
Dr. Charles Eastman, an eminent Sioux physician, historian, and lecturer, dressed in full native garb. Eastman was active in politics and American Indian rights, and he founded 32 American Indian chapters of the YMCA and helped found the Boy Scouts of America. This image is by Arthur Adams, Minneapolis high school teacher, local historian, and photographer. Adams traveled throughout Minnesota, taking photographs to augment his lectures. His studio was located at 3648 Lyndale Avenue South in Minneapolis.
Wabasha (Wapasha III or Joseph Wapasha), Mdewakanton Sioux chief. This image is by Arthur Adams, Minneapolis high school teacher, local historian, and photographer. Adams traveled throughout Minnesota, taking photographs to augment his lectures. His studio was located at 3648 Lyndale Avenue South in Minneapolis.
An Ojibwe (Chippewa) man watches as a woman parches wild rice in Onamia, Minnesota. This image is by Arthur Adams, Minneapolis high school teacher, local historian, and photographer. Adams traveled throughout Minnesota, taking photographs to augment his lectures. His studio was located at 3648 Lyndale Avenue South in Minneapolis.
Ojibwe graves, including that of Chief Flatmouth, at Old Agency, Leech Lake. This image is by Arthur Adams, Minneapolis high school teacher, local historian, and photographer. Adams traveled throughout Minnesota, taking photographs to augment his lectures. His studio was located at 3648 Lyndale Avenue South in Minneapolis.
Chippewa burial site, location unknown. This image is by Arthur Adams, Minneapolis high school teacher, local historian, and photographer. Adams traveled throughout Minnesota, taking photographs to augment his lectures. His studio was located at 3648 Lyndale Avenue South in Minneapolis.
An unidentified Chippewa baby rests in a papoose. This image is by Arthur Adams, Minneapolis high school teacher, local historian, and photographer. Adams traveled throughout Minnesota, taking photographs to augment his lectures. His studio was located at 3648 Lyndale Avenue South in Minneapolis.
Native American burial mounds located near Prairie Island, Minnesota. This image is by Arthur Adams, Minneapolis high school teacher, local historian, and photographer. Adams traveled throughout Minnesota, taking photographs to augment his lectures. His studio was located at 3648 Lyndale Avenue South in Minneapolis.
Native American burial mounds covered with trees located in Mora, Minnesota. This image is by Arthur Adams, Minneapolis high school teacher, local historian, and photographer. Adams traveled throughout Minnesota, taking photographs to augment his lectures. His studio was located at 3648 Lyndale Avenue South in Minneapolis.
Mrs. A.T. Adams viewing the grave where the remains of the first five victims of the Acton Massacre are buried. This image is by Arthur Adams, Minneapolis high school teacher, local historian, and photographer. Adams traveled throughout Minnesota, taking photographs to augment his lectures. His studio was located at 3648 Lyndale Avenue South in Minneapolis.
Battle of Birch Coulee monument, the deadliest battle for U.S. forces during the Dakota War of 1862. This image is by Arthur Adams, Minneapolis high school teacher, local historian, and photographer. Adams traveled throughout Minnesota, taking photographs to augment his lectures. His studio was located at 3648 Lyndale Avenue South in Minneapolis.
Home of Dr. John Wakefield located at the Yellow Medicine Agency. Wakefield was the agency's physician. This image is by Arthur Adams, Minneapolis high school teacher, local historian, and photographer. Adams traveled throughout Minnesota, taking photographs to augment his lectures. His studio was located at 3648 Lyndale Avenue South in Minneapolis.
Statue of Hiawatha and Minnehaha in Minnehaha Park, Minneapolis, Minnesota. This image is by Arthur Adams, Minneapolis high school teacher, local historian, and photographer. Adams traveled throughout Minnesota, taking photographs to augment his lectures. His studio was located at 3648 Lyndale Avenue South in Minneapolis.
Grave where the remains of the first five victims of the Acton Massacre are buried. It is located in Ness Cemetery near Litchfield, Minnesota. The inscription reads: " First Blood. In Memory of the first five victims of the great Indian massacre of August 1862, and buried here in one grave, Robinson Jones, Viranus Webster, Howard Baker, Ann Baker, Clara D. Wilson. Erected by the State in 1878 under the direction of the Meeker County Old Settlers Association." This image is by Arthur Adams, Minneapolis high school teacher, local historian, and photographer. Adams traveled throughout Minnesota, taking photographs to augment his lectures. His studio was located at 3648 Lyndale Avenue South in Minneapolis.
Site of the grave of Hole-in-the-Day, chief of the upper Mississippi band of Ojibwe who was assassinated by fellow Ojibwe in 1868. This image is by Arthur Adams, Minneapolis high school teacher, local historian, and photographer. Adams traveled throughout Minnesota, taking photographs to augment his lectures. His studio was located at 3648 Lyndale Avenue South in Minneapolis.
Good Thunder and his wife standing outside their home. Good Thunder was a leader of the Mdewakanton Dakota who was baptized by Henry Whipple and later allied with the white settlers during the U.S.-Dakota War of 1862. This image is by Arthur Adams, Minneapolis high school teacher, local historian, and photographer. Adams traveled throughout Minnesota, taking photographs to augment his lectures. His studio was located at 3648 Lyndale Avenue South in Minneapolis.
A house with a fenced-in yard and its surrounding field that comprise the Leech Lake Indian Agency. This image is by Arthur Adams, Minneapolis high school teacher, local historian, and photographer. Adams traveled throughout Minnesota, taking photographs to augment his lectures. His studio was located at 3648 Lyndale Avenue South in Minneapolis.
Five unidentified Chippewa children seated in the grass, taken in Onamia, Minnesota. This image is by Arthur Adams, Minneapolis high school teacher, local historian, and photographer. Adams traveled throughout Minnesota, taking photographs to augment his lectures. His studio was located at 3648 Lyndale Avenue South in Minneapolis.
Dedication ceremony for the community house at Fort Ridgely or Birch Coulee. This image is by Arthur Adams, Minneapolis high school teacher, local historian, and photographer. Adams traveled throughout Minnesota, taking photographs to augment his lectures. His studio was located at 3648 Lyndale Avenue South in Minneapolis.
The dedication ceremony of the community house at Fort Ridgely or Birch Caulie. This image is by Arthur Adams, Minneapolis high school teacher, local historian, and photographer. Adams traveled throughout Minnesota, taking photographs to augment his lectures. His studio was located at 3648 Lyndale Avenue South in Minneapolis.
The community house on the Chippewa Agency near Vineland Bay on Mille Lacs Lake, Minnesota. This image is by Arthur Adams, Minneapolis high school teacher, local historian, and photographer. Adams traveled throughout Minnesota, taking photographs to augment his lectures. His studio was located at 3648 Lyndale Avenue South in Minneapolis.
Chippewa cemetery at Cass Lake, Minnesota. This image is by Arthur Adams, Minneapolis high school teacher, local historian, and photographer. Adams traveled throughout Minnesota, taking photographs to augment his lectures. His studio was located at 3648 Lyndale Avenue South in Minneapolis.
A house known as Cameron Place located on a hill above the Bloomington Ferry. This image is by Arthur Adams, Minneapolis high school teacher, local historian, and photographer. Adams traveled throughout Minnesota, taking photographs to augment his lectures. His studio was located at 3648 Lyndale Avenue South in Minneapolis.
A broken monument in Henderson, Minnesota, commemorating the Beaver Creek Massacre of August 18, 1862. The massacre was part of the Dakota War of 1862. This image is by Arthur Adams, Minneapolis high school teacher, local historian, and photographer. Adams traveled throughout Minnesota, taking photographs to augment his lectures. His studio was located at 3648 Lyndale Avenue South in Minneapolis.