H.C. Coates, Harrison Lyons, W.H. Dooley, Stephen Lyons, J.G. Sanderman, R.S. Moroney, John Farguhan, and C.F. Hausdorf seated in front of war memorial.
William Nixon, C.F. Hausdorf, W.H. Dooley, Stephen Lyons, J.G. Sanderman, R.S. Moroney, E. Needham, H.C. Coates, Melvin Fuller, and D. Farguhan reclining on the spot where they fought during the Civil War.
Chaplin Miller, William Nixon, C.F. Hausdorf, W.H. Dooley, Stephen Lyons, J.G. Sanderman, R.S. Moroney, E. Needham, Melvin Fuller, and D. Farguhan standing on the spot where they fought during the Civil War.
Biographical Information: Hartman was a project manager for the Minnesota Environmental Quality Board. He received his undergraduate degree in History and Economics and a master's in Urban and Regional Planning. Prior to working for the Minnesota Environmental Quality Board he worked for Commonwealth Associates in Michigan. Subjects discussed: Background. Role as project manager. Process to submit an application to Minnesota Environmental Quality Board. How process worked with CPA-UPA project. Corridor selection procedure-original process; reason for new procedures; end point and entry point selection; corridor selection. Corridor evaluation committee. Purpose of information hearings. Public hearings-choosing and role of hearing examiner; set up of; structure of; writing of report; missing transcripts. Powerline route-choosing route; opposition to route; reasons for not making I-94 a route; alternative routes. Health and safety issues. Environmental Impact Statement. Future problems in siting powerlines in existing right-of-ways. Public image of agency. Reflections on the controversy and how it was handled. Science court. The construction of the project-involvement of agency; involvement of opposition. West Coast trip. Effectiveness of new siting procedures. Cost of project. How final approval of project is made. Need for line. Criticisms of how agency handled project. Impact of controversy on future powerlines.
Biographical Information: Hanson was raised on a farm and is a farmer in Pope County. He attended Alexandria Tech School and at the time of the interview was pursuing a degree at the University of Morris. In 1978, Hanson was the manager of Alice Tripp's gubernatorial campaign. Subjects discussed: Background. Learning about the powerline. Local reaction. Routing of the line. Health and safety issues. Media. Hanson's history of political involvement. DFL and powerline. Alice Tripp's campaign for governor-as campaign manager; campaign issues of powerline, abortion and taxes; candidates Bob Short and Wendell Anderson on powerline issue; sheriff's campaign; Republican candidates on the powerline issue; local politicians view of Tripps' candidacy; Rudy Perpich as a campaign issue in powerline controversy; possibility of Tripp campaigning again. Personal role in controversy. Decision to fast in protest. Concluding remarks.
Biographical Information: Hanson was raised on a farm and is a farmer in Pope County. He attended Alexandria Tech School and at the time of the interview was pursuing a degree at the University of Morris. In 1978, Hanson was the manager of Alice Tripp's gubernatorial campaign. Subjects discussed: Background. Learning about the powerline. Local reaction. Routing of the line. Health and safety issues. Media. Hanson's history of political involvement. DFL and powerline. Alice Tripp's campaign for governor-as campaign manager; campaign issues of powerline, abortion and taxes; candidates Bob Short and Wendell Anderson on powerline issue; sheriff's campaign; Republican candidates on the powerline issue; local politicians view of Tripps' candidacy; Rudy Perpich as a campaign issue in powerline controversy; possibility of Tripp campaigning again. Personal role in controversy. Decision to fast in protest.
Hanford, Bertha, State and County Agent for the Blind
Date Created:
1932
Description:
In 1931, the Cass Lake Indian Agency became part of the district included in the State and County Agency for the Blind. The agency also added more types of work for clients including: operating cigar and confectionery stands and messenger services, selling newspapers, providing social services, teaching music, serving as village treasurer, business manager, insurance agent, candy machine operator, watchman, day laborer. Duluth's Lighthouse for the Blind was an employer. The agency operated under the State Department for the Blind, Children's Bureau, Board of Control and the St. Louis County Board of Commissioners. Its work was for the prevention of blindness and the treatment of people with blindness. The reports give objectives, staff, and statistics. Its district included St. Louis, Carlton, Itasca, Cook, and Lake Counties, and the Cass Lake Indian Agency District.
Contributing Institution:
University of Minnesota Duluth, Kathryn A. Martin Library, Northeast Minnesota Historical Collections
Hanford, Bertha, State and County Agent for the Blind
Date Created:
1929
Description:
In 1928, the St. Louis County Child Welfare Board was requested by the State Board of Control to sponsor the work for the Blind in this county. This the first use of local management of such a pgoram and was successful. The report describes the Range Broom Factory at Chisholm, Minnesota, that employs several agency clients under the management of R. H. Alcox. This agency operated under the State Department for the Blind, Children's Bureau, Board of Control and the St. Louis County Board of Commissioners. Its work was for the prevention of blindness and the treatment of people with blindness. The reports give objectives, staff, and statistics. Its district included St. Louis, Carlton, Itasca, Cook, Lake, and Koochiching counties.
Contributing Institution:
University of Minnesota Duluth, Kathryn A. Martin Library, Northeast Minnesota Historical Collections
Hanford, Bertha, State and County Agent for the Blind
Date Created:
1930
Description:
The district's size was reduced in 1929, dropping Koochiching county. Vocational training and employment for adults included: shoe shining, shoe repairing, general farming, rabbit raising, poultry raising, elevator operating, salesmanship, peddling, domestic service, and piano repair and tuning. This agency operated under the State Department for the Blind, Children's Bureau, Board of Control and the St. Louis County Board of Commissioners. Its work was for the prevention and treatment of people with blindness. The reports give objectives, staff, and statistics. Its district included St. Louis, Carlton, Itasca, Cook, and Lake Counties.
Contributing Institution:
University of Minnesota Duluth, Kathryn A. Martin Library, Northeast Minnesota Historical Collections
Hanford, Bertha, State and County Agent for the Blind
Date Created:
1931
Description:
St. Louis County is the only Minnesota county that funds work for the blind, and Duluth is the only city with a local State office. This report chronicles the work done by the agency in 1930. That year, towel hemming was added as a new project for clients within the Home Department. Yards of toweling was cut by volunteers and hemmed by blind women in their homes. This agency operated under the State Department for the Blind, Children's Bureau, Board of Control and the St. Louis County Board of Commissioners. Its work was for the prevention of blindness and treatment of people with blindness. The reports give objectives, staff, and statistics. Its district included St. Louis, Carlton, Itasca, Cook, and Lake counties, and the Cass Lake Indian Agency District.
Contributing Institution:
University of Minnesota Duluth, Kathryn A. Martin Library, Northeast Minnesota Historical Collections
Civilian Conservation Corps Company (CCC) panoramic photograph, featuring group portrait of enrollees posed with tobacco pipes, cooks, and camp dog before plank buildings in winter.
Civilian Conservation Corps Company (CCC) panoramic photograph, featuring group portrait of enrollees posed before buildings with blankets hanging on a line in summer.
Biographical Information: Hagen was a farmer from Pope County and was president of Counties United for a Rural Environment (CURE). Subjects discussed: Background. How Hagen first learned about the the powerline project. Routing of line. Power Plant Siting Act-being grandfathered out; decision to come under siting law. Development of opposition groups such as CURE. Informational hearing and hearing process-purpose of; effectiveness of process; issues brought up. Environmental Quality Council-citizen's advisory committee; certificate of need. Reaction by the state and utilities to concerns expressed over powerline. Opposition to line-reasons for such a negative reaction to powerline project; issues over routing of line; why confrontations occurred. CURE-approach to issues before and after utilities came under siting act; role as head of CURE during confrontations; working with the media; working with Governor's Wendell Anderson and Rudy Perpich and the legislators; mediation sessions and request for a moratorium; relationship with Families Are Concerned Too (FACT) and the airport in Starbuck. Dealing with the courts-health and safety issues; issues of easement and liability. View of current situation. Personal effect of issue on Hagen's life. Development of energy sources in the future.
In an oral history conducted by David Overy on December 28, 1990, Donald C. Grant discussed his experience as an artillery officer in the United States Army's 151st Field Artillery during World War II. Donald C. Grant was born on February 16, 1913, and was raised in Minneapolis, Minnesota. In 1928, at age 15, Grant lied about his age and joined the National Guard of the United States. In 1937, Grant made second lieutenant in the United States Army and went on active duty during World War II. While stationed in North Africa, Grant received a Silver Star for role in the Battle of Hill 609. Grant discussed his experiences in Italy at the Battle of Monte Cassino and the Battle of Anzio and the harsh realities of being an artilleryman. In 1941, Grant married his wife Norma, and had three children. Lastly, Grant described his thoughts and feelings about military service impacting civilian life. He also served active duty stateside during the Korean War. In 1967, then Governor Harold LeVander chose Major General Grant to head the Army National Guard�s 47th �Viking� Infantry Division from 1963 to 1971. Throughout his military career and after, Grant was employed by the Western Electric Co. He worked his way up from floor sweeper to retiring at warehouse supervisor. Grant died in June 1998.
Glen Lake Farm School for Boys; Hennepin County Juvenile Detention Home
Date Created:
1912
Description:
In 1907 the legislature of Minnesota made provision for a Detention Home in Hennepin county, under the joint direction of the Judge of the District Court and the Board of County Commissioners. Judge John Day Smith, who first stirred public sentiment to the necessity of a home for boys, was assigned to the Juvenile Court work, which also included the location and equipment of the home. Ninety-two acres of land were bought, and a ten-room farm house, barns and outbuildings were soon remodeled, made modern and ready for occupancy in February, 1909, when the first boys arrived. Contents of this year include: board of managers (including photos); maintenance; expenditures; roll of admission/release; justification and organizational structure; equipment, crops, and stock; daily schedule; map; backgrounds, offenses and/or dependency, nativity, and ages of boys; dining room; government; education, discipline, and religious instruction; library; letters; parental demographics; amusements; Boys' Friends (male and female volunteers/benefactors); photos of grounds and of boys at work/play.
Contributing Institution:
Hennepin County Library, James K. Hosmer Special Collections Library
Glen Lake Farm School for Boys; Hennepin County Juvenile Detention Home
Date Created:
1911-12-31
Description:
In 1907 the legislature of Minnesota made provision for a Detention Home in Hennepin county, under the joint direction of the Judge of the District Court and the Board of County Commissioners. Judge John Day Smith, who first stirred public sentiment to the necessity of a home for boys, was assigned to the Juvenile Court work, which also included the location and equipment of the home. Ninety-two acres of land were bought, and a ten-room farm house, barns and outbuildings were soon remodeled, made modern and ready for occupancy in February, 1909, when the first boys arrived. Contents of this year include: board of managers; inception; financial support; officers and employees; justification and organizational structure; equipment, crops, and stock; work descriptions; daily schedule; map; backgrounds, offenses and/or dependency, nativity, and ages of boys; education, discipline, and religious instruction; library; parental demographics; amusements; Boys' Friends (male and female volunteers/benefactors); photos of grounds.
Contributing Institution:
Hennepin County Library, James K. Hosmer Special Collections Library
E.V. "Gene" Sundberg was born on February 2, 1925. A native of Brainerd, he enlisted immediately after high school in the Army Air Corps and trained to become a gunner but eventually became a B-17 pilot stationed in England. Despite flying 23 missions mostly over northern Germany, his crew suffered no wounds and his plane was never severely damaged. However, Sundberg told many stories of planes that were lost, comrades who did not return from missions, and of several near-misses for his crew. Sundberg described the many difficulties involved with a successful mission including flak fire, fighter escorts, the ever changing weather, the dangers involved in flying in tight formation, and flying with dangerous cargo. Sundberg also described base life, including food, dress, discipline, comradery, and specifically how quickly crews from other planes not returning from missions. After the German surrender in May 1945, he flew for the Army Airways Communication System where he was able to celebrate the Japanese surrender in London. He died on July 19, 2001, in Brainerd, Minnesota.
Biographical Information: Gelbman was the Minnesota Public Interest Research Group (MPIRG) coordinator at the University of Minnesota-Morris campus. Subjects discussed: Background information on MPIRG. How MPIRG chooses issues to be involved in. When and why MPIRG became involved in powerline project controversy. Science court. Health and safety issues. Opposition groups-atmosphere at meetings; protest activities of opponents. Court proceedings. Role of law enforcement. MPIRG's position as to the cause of issue. MPIRG's other projects.
In an oral history conducted by Kris Wiggs on September 27, 1992, Clifton L. Gawtry discussed his experience as a flight instructor for the United States Navy during World War II. Gawtry was born in Fort Dodge, Iowa, on September 29, 1923. In 1941, after graduating high school in Minneapolis, Minnesota, he enlisted in the United States Navy in the V-5 program. After various flight schools for eighteen months, Gawtry became a flight instructor in Jacksonville and Pensacola, Florida. Gawtry recounted his experiences and comments on various aspects of flight and flight instruction. In 1944, he married his wife, Alice, and had four children. From 1949 to 1963, Gawtry served in a reserve squadron until he retired. He died on April 2, 2000 at the age of 76.
West Duluth; Bethany Home Thirty-ninth Avenue west; children's home; Christmas star decoration; articles of Incorporation filed March 18, 1915; doors opened May 1, 1916, with three children; 1928 there were 72 children; supported by the Community Fund; fire October 10, 1920; brick building; reopened 1922 at same address Thirty-ninth Avenue west and Ninth street; razed 1974
Contributing Institution:
University of Minnesota Duluth, Kathryn A. Martin Library, Northeast Minnesota Historical Collections
In an oral history conducted by David Overy on August 5, 1992, James S. Gabriel discussed his experience as an executive officer in the 143rd Battalion of the United States Army during World War II. Raised in St. Paul, Minnesota, He enlisted in the National Guard in 1938 and joined the United States Army in 1941 when the United States entered World War II. In this interview, Gabriel described his experiences in the Battle of the Bulge and the demilitarization efforts of Germany by the Allied Forces. In addition, he discussed his impression of the various foreign civilians that he encountered while serving in Europe. After World War II, Gabriel discharged from the Army, but served on active duty for the U.S. during the Korean War. Lastly, Gabriel recounted his life as a result of his military experience, both good and bad. He had married his wife, Beulah, and had three children. In 1973, Gabriel married his second wife, Joan, and had three stepchildren. Gabriel retired at the rank of Brigadier General (BVT) and was a supervisor at Western Electric for thirty years. He died on December 17, 2001.
Biographical Information: The Fuchs were farmers and protest leaders from Belgrade, Stearns County. Subjects discussed: How they learned about the line. Communicating with other farmers about the line. Preventing power company obtaining easements in Stearns County. Obtaining easements in Meeker County. Re-routing of line. Power Plant Siting Act-utilities being grandfathered out; choosing to come under act. Information hearings. Public hearings-corridor route; missing records; Citizen's Advisory Committee; routing of line; health hazards. Utilities projected energy needs. Working with legislators. Governor Perpich and the science court. The People's Power Project and Tesla's experiment being done on the Fuchs land. Federal lawsuit-reasons for filing; hope regarding outcome. Court injunction.
In an oral interview conducted by David Overy on October 30, 1991, Marcel Froneyberger discussed his experiences in United States Army in World War II and the Korean War. Froneyberger was born April 14, 1919, and was raised in Dupo, Illinois. In this interview, Froneyberger described his participation in rebuilding railroads and infrastructure in North Africa and Europe during World War II. He recounted his time on the frontlines on the Pusan Perimeter during the Battle of Bloody Ridge during the Korean War. In addition, he described how his military service affected his everyday life with family and employment, both good and bad. Froneyberger died December 19, 1996, and was buried in Jefferson Barracks National Cemetery in Missouri.
Biographical Information: Fjoslien was a native of Brandon, Minnesota and he owned and operated a farm nearby. He was elected to the state legislature in 1972. He also served on numerous committees including the Environment and Natural Resources Committee, and the Education and Financial Institutions and Insurance Committee. Subjects discussed: Background; result of 1973 legislation; viability of eminent domain; responsibility as a legislator to represent constituents; effect of powerline controversy on constituents; usefulness of confrontation in current situation; governor's role in issue; and the difficulty of the powerline as a political issue.
In an oral interview conducted by David Overy on October 1990, William "Bill" Faber discussed his twenty years of military service in the National Guard, Navy, Air Force, and Army from 1937 to 1962. Faber was born on January 15, 1921, in Anoka, Minnesota, where he was raised. Faber enlisted in the National Guard in January 1937 as a member of the 125th Field Artillery, then joined the Navy in 1940, and later the Air Force as a sergeant first class. He would then transfer to the Army as second lieutenant. Faber"s military career spans multiple wars, he describes his role in the Battle of Midway in June 1942 during World War II and later his time as a member of the Korean Military Advisory Group after the Korean War. Throughout his various military roles Faber detailed daily life, food, foreign civilian interactions, and fond memories of his time in the service. In 1962, Faber retired from the Army as a major. He returned to Anoka and worked from the Telect Company as a quality control director. On January 18, 2008, Faber died in Little Falls, Minnesota.
Biographical Information: Emmons was sheriff of Pope County. Subjects discussed: Police department's first involvement with the powerline controversy; potential conflict with utilities surveying; dealing with confrontations; local people's reaction to police; why confrontation occurred; reaction of townspeople to issue; view of current situation; Governor Perpich; media coverage.
In an oral interview conducted by David Overy on September 4, 1992, Clair A. Dziuk discussed his experiences in the construction of the Alcan Highway, from 1941 to 1943. Dziuk was born April 5, 1907 in Benton County, Minnesota, where he was raised. In this interview Dziuk describes the day to day life of building the Alcan Highway, from working with Canadians and the Army, camp life, and the wildlife of Canada.
In an oral interview conducted by Mike McDonald on September 6, 1993, Robert "Bob" Duoos discussed his training and service during World War II as a member of the 80th Infantry Division in Europe. Duoos was born on January 15, 1923 and was raised in St. Paul, Minnesota. Duoos was drafted in to the U.S. Army in December of 1942. In this interview, Duoos described his experiences in the European Theater, including his interactions with the foreign civilians and the time he spent in England, France, Germany, Luxemburg, and Czechoslovakia. In this interview, Duoos discussed his participation in the liberation of the Buchenwald concentration camp near Weimar, Germany. He described the horrors of "The Beast of Buchenwald" from his own experiences and recounts the stories he heard from survivors of the camp. Duoos voiced his opinions on the leadership of General Patton and General Dwight D. Eisenhower and the Pacific Theater of World War II.
Biographical Information: Crocker was from Minneapolis and graduated from Stillwater High School. He attended the University of Minnesota for several years when he became involved in the anti-war movement. He worked as a draft counselor and anti-draft organizer for the Twin Cities draft information center. He was living in Lowry, Pope County during the powerline protest. Subjects discussed: Background; involvement in 1960s anti-war movement; becoming involved in powerline issue; reaction to powerline controversy; cooperative decision making process; decentralized energy; development of energy needs; soft vs. hard technology; usefulness of non-violent protest tactics; significance of protest movements; relationship of powerline investment and dome stadiums; personal role in controversy; utilities strategy; impact of the media; Tesla Project; and developing alternative energy resources.
Rabbi Herman Cohen's response to Mrs. P. Braufman's request to read her letter and advise as to its tone and content. (See local identifiers MHS-D-593 and MHS-D-594)
Contributing Institution:
University of Minnesota Libraries, Nathan and Theresa Berman Upper Midwest Jewish Archives